Hauv kev lag luam hnyav ntawm cov mining, cov khoom siv hauv tsev, thiab metallurgy, hnav- cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv yog cov khoom tseem ceeb uas tiv taus qhov cuam tshuam thiab puas. Kev xaiv cov khoom siv liner ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv uptime thiab cov nqi tsim khoom. Ntawm cov kev xaiv siv dav tshaj plaws niaj hnub no-ZGMn13Cr2 high-manganese steel thiab high-chromium alloys (feem ntau Cr15 thiab Cr26)-cov qauv kev ua tau zoo thiab kev siv cov xwm txheej yog qhov sib txawv. Nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb no yog thawj kauj ruam mus rau kev xaiv cov khoom siv suab.
1. Khoom Keeb Kwm: Cov tsev neeg sib txawv ntawm cov hlau
Qhov tseem ceeb divergence tshwm sim los ntawm lawv cov kev faib metallurgical. ZGMn13Cr2 belongs rau austenitic manganese steel-cov hlau tshwj xeeb uas paub txog nws qhov tshwj xeeb toughness. Nws muaj kwv yees li 1.1-1.3% carbon thiab 12-14% manganese, nrog me me ntxiv ntawm chromium. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, Cr15 thiab Cr26 yog abrasion-resistant dawb cam khwb cia hlau, nrog cov ntsiab lus carbon xws li ntawm 2.0% mus rau 3.3% thiab chromium theem ntawm 13% thiab 30%. Cov pa roj carbon ntau thiab cov ntsiab lus chromium no ua rau nag lossis daus ntawm cov ntim loj ntawm cov tawv carbides (ntawm M7C3 hom) thaum lub sij hawm solidification, uas hauv paus txiav txim siab lawv inherently siab hardness.
2. Strengthening Philosophy: Cov txheej txheem hnav sib txawv ua tiav
Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm ob yam khoom.
ZGMn13Cr2: "Tshaj hardness nrog toughness, loj zuj zus raws li nws ua hauj lwm"
Nws qhov pib hardness yog qhov qis tshaj - tsuas yog li 180-230 HB. Nws qhov tshwj xeeb zoo tshaj plaws yog tias thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam los yog compression, cov txheej saum npoo tau dhau los ua haujlwm hnyav, nrog cov tawv tawv nce mus rau saum 500 HB, thaum sab hauv khaws nws cov qauv tawv austenitic. Qhov no "lub plhaub tawv nrog lub cev tawv" ua rau nws nqus tau lub zog tseem ceeb yam tsis muaj pob txha; Nws qhov cuam tshuam toughness tuaj yeem tshaj 150 J / cm². Hauv qhov tseeb, nws qhov hnav tsis kam yog tau txais los ntawm kev cuam tshuam - qhov cuam tshuam ntau dua, nws qhov kev ua tau zoo dua.
High-chromium alloys: "Tshaj hardness nrog hardness"
Lawv hnav tsis kam tsis cia siab rau sab nraud. Hloov chaw, nws los ntawm cov nplua nuj, sib luag sib cais M7C3-hom tawv carbides hauv microstructure. Cov carbides muaj micro-hardness qhov tseem ceeb ntawm HV 1200-1800, ua haujlwm zoo li lub cev pob txha uas ncaj qha tiv thaiv kev txiav thiab khawb los ntawm abrasives. Tom qab quenching thiab tempering, lub matrix hloov mus rau hauv martensite, muab ib qho hardness ntawm HRC 58-65. Lawv yog cov khoom siv "hard-wear" tiag tiag. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv qhov kev cuam tshuam toughness yog qis dua li cov hlau manganese siab -rau Cr26, qhov cuam tshuam lub zog feem ntau tsuas yog 3-7.4 J / cm².
3. Kev kho cua sov tseem ceeb: Xauv lub peev xwm tag nrho
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm txhua yam khoom siv tau pom los ntawm cov txheej txheem kho cua sov tshwj xeeb. ZGMn13Cr2 yuav tsum tau txais kev kho mob (dej quenching) - cua sov rau 1050-1100℃tom qab los ntawm dej ceev ceev quenching - kom tau txais ib theem austenitic qauv, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom nws cov toughness thiab work-hardening muaj peev xwm. Kev kho cua sov tsis tsim nyog, ua rau carbide nag lossis daus ntawm austenite grain ciam teb, yuav ua rau mob hnyav heev. High-chromium alloys, ntawm qhov tod tes, yuav tsum nruj quenching + low-temperature tempering, nrog quenching kub ntawm 950 thiab 1050 degree, kom tag nrho cov matrix rau hauv martensite; Tom qab qis-kub tempering txo cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv thiab tiv thaiv kev ua tsis tiav thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.
4. Kev Pabcuam Kev Ua Haujlwm: Kev Lag Luam Tawm Ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv thiab Kev Phem
Hauv kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag, ob cov ntaub ntawv qhia tus cwj pwm txawv. High-chromium alloys feem ntau muab 2 mus rau 3 npaug ntawm kev hnav lub neej ntawm high-manganese steel, qhov zoo dua qub thaum ua cov khoom siv tawv tawv xws li quartz xuab zeb lossis cement clinker. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv qhov kev pheej hmoo loj tshaj plaws yog nkig puas tsuaj - yog tias lawv ntsib kev cuam tshuam loj heev los ntawm cov khoom loj loj lossis cov khoom siv tsis zoo, cov ntaub yuav tawg. Hloov pauv, hnav tsis kam ntawm ZGMn13Cr2 yog ncaj qha proportional rau qhov kev siv zog uas nws tau ntsib. Yog tias siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam (xws li, cov khoom sib tsoo zoo los yog cov chutes), nws cov haujlwm ua haujlwm hnyav tsis tau ua tiav, thiab nws qhov hnav tsis kam tuaj yeem poob qis dua li cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, nws txoj kev nyab xeeb zoo tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj yog qhov zoo dua uas cov hlau tsis muaj chromium tsis sib xws.
5. Kev Qhia Txog Kev Xaiv: Kev Txiav Txim Siab-Kev Txiav Txim Siab Raws Li Kev Ua Haujlwm
Tus yuam sij rau kev xaiv yog nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov cuam tshuam load thiab abrasion hom.
Xaiv ZGMn13Cr2 thaum:
Cov cuab yeej siv cov khoom noj loj loj thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev -piv txwv li, thawj crushers lossis coarse-sib tsoo chamber ntawm pob zeb ua hlau ore lossis granite. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, qhov cuam tshuam loj tau siv tag nrho nws txoj haujlwm-hardening peev xwm, thaum nws zoo heev toughness muab txhim khu kev qha tiv thaiv kev tawg.
Nyiam cov alloys siab-chromium (Cr26 tshaj Cr15) thaum:
Daim ntawv thov muaj feem cuam tshuam tsawg thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm zawv zawg hnav thiab sib tsoo- xws li cov khoom sib tsoo zoo, cov khoom sib cais, lossis cov chutes. Ntawm no, qhov tshwj xeeb siab hardness thiab superior hnav tsis kam ua rau ncua sijhawm txij nkawm. Rau cov mills nruab nrab-rau-loj qhov twg qee qhov kev cuam tshuam tsis tuaj yeem, Cr26 raug pom zoo vim tias nws muaj qhov tawv zoo dua li Cr15, yog li muab kev nyab xeeb dua.
6. Cov lus pom zoo kawg
Ib txoj cai yooj yim ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo tuaj yeem coj koj xaiv: yog tias koj ntshai qhov cuam tshuam, xaiv high-chromium; Yog tias koj ntshai tawg, xaiv high-manganese.
Hauv kev xyaum:
Yog tias koj qhov kev pabcuam raug cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ntxhov siab thiab kev nyab xeeb yog thawj qhov kev txhawj xeeb, cia siab rau qhov hnyav ntawm ZGMn13Cr2.
Yog tias kev puas tsuaj yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hnav thiab koj nrhiav kev pab cuam lub neej ntau tshaj plaws, cov khoom siv high-chromium alloys (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Cr26) yog qhov kev xaiv.
Rau cov xwm txheej tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam hnyav thiab kev puas tsuaj loj, xav txog bimetallic composite liners, qhov chaw ua haujlwm lub ntsej muag yog ua los ntawm high-chromium hlau rau hnav tsis kam thiab nraub qaum yog high-manganese steel rau kev cuam tshuam.
